NDLI: Altering function in cortical networks by short-latency, paired stimulation

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Rebesco, J.M. Miller, L.E.
Copyright Year	2010
Description	Author affiliation: Department of Physiology, Northwestern University, USA (Rebesco, J.M.) \|\| Departments of Physiology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, USA (Miller, L.E.)
Abstract	Plasticity is a crucial component of normal brain function and a critical mechanism for recovery from injury. Numerous experimental studies have attempted to elucidate its underlying mechanisms under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Short latency, associative pairing of presynaptic “trigger” spiking with stimulus-induced postsynaptic depolarization of a target neuron has been shown to lead to changes in the effectiveness of a stimulus applied to the presynaptic neuron. We have used similar methods to demonstrate changes in the statistically inferred functional connections among small groups of recorded neurons in rat sensorimotor cortex. These induced changes transcended simple changes in stimulus-evoked activity. Rather, they reflected a robust reorganization of network connectivity revealed by changes in the patterns of spikes in the cells' spontaneous discharge. We hypothesized that by strengthening the functional connections from trigger to target neurons, we might demonstrate a related behavioral change. To test this hypothesis, we trained rats to respond to a near-threshold, intracortical stimulus cue. Following 1–2 days of paired, short latency stimulation, the sensitivity of these rats to the cue was increased. The latency dependence and the timecourse of this effect were very similar to the corresponding parameters of the inferred connectivity changes in the first experiment. Such targeted connectivity changes may provide a tool for rerouting the flow of information through a cortical network, with profound implications for both rehabilitation and brain-machine interface applications.
Starting Page	1674
Ending Page	1677
File Size	662932
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424441235
ISSN	1557170X
DOI	10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5626822
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-08-31
Publisher Place	Argentina
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Neurons Rats Electrical stimulation Protocols Induction motors Timing
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Signal Processing Biomedical Engineering Health Informatics Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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