NDLI: Cadmium chloride assisted re-crystallization of CdTe: The effect of annealing over-treatment

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Abbas, A. West, G.D. Bowers, J.W. Kaminski, P.M. Maniscalco, B. Walls, J.M. Barth, K.L. Sampath, W.S.
Copyright Year	2014
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Mater., Loughborough Univ., Loughborough, UK (West, G.D.) \|\| NSF I/UCRC for Next Generation Photovoltaics, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, USA (Barth, K.L.; Sampath, W.S.) \|\| CREST (Centre for Renewable Energy Syst. & Technol.), Loughborough Univ., Loughborough, UK (Abbas, A.; Bowers, J.W.; Kaminski, P.M.; Maniscalco, B.; Walls, J.M.)
Abstract	Although the cadmium chloride treatment is an essential process for high efficiency thin film cadmium telluride photovoltaic devices, the precise mechanisms involved that improve the cadmium telluride layer are not fully understood. The treatment parameters have a narrow window, deviating from these even slightly can be detrimental to cell performance. In this investigation we apply advanced microstructural characterization techniques to study the effects of varying two parameters: the temperature of the substrate during the cadmium chloride treatment and the length of time of the treatment. In both cases, the devices have been deliberately over-treated. The effect of the over-treatment on the microstructure of cadmium telluride solar cells, deposited by close spaced sublimation is investigated and related to cell performance. A range of techniques has been used to observe the changes to the microstructure as well as the chemical and crystallographic changes as a function of treatment parameters. Electrical tests that link the device performance with the microstructural properties of the cells have also been undertaken. Techniques used include Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for sub-grain analysis, EDX for chemical analysis and XPS for composition-depth profiling.
Starting Page	0701
Ending Page	0706
File Size	3482483
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
e-ISBN	9781479943982
DOI	10.1109/PVSC.2014.6925018
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-06-08
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Annealing Microstructure Indexes Lead TEM CdTe thin film photovoltaics Cadmium Chloride Close Space Sublimation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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