NDLI: Photorefractive-Damage-Resistant Locally Er–Mg-Doped Near-Stoichiometric Ti : Mg : Er : LiNbO<formula formulatype=inline><tex Notation=TeX>$_{3}$</tex></formula> Strip Waveguides: A Way Towards New Devices

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ping-Rang Hua De-Long Zhang Pun, E.Y.-B.
Copyright Year	1989
Abstract	We report photorefractive-damage-resistant near-stoichiometric (NS) Ti : Mg : Er : LiNbO₃ strip waveguides fabricated on an initially congruent, undoped Z-cut substrate in sequence by local Er-doping in air, Mg-Ti prediffusion in wet O₂ atmosphere, and post vapor-transport-equilibration. These waveguides with an initial Ti-strip width of 4-7 μm are single-mode at 1.3-1.5 μm, support only transverse-magnetic mode, and have a loss of 1.4 dB/cm. The waveguides are NS, still retain LiNbO₃ phase, and show stable 1531-nm small-signal enhancement under the 980-nm pump power of at least 216 mW, implying that the photorefractive effect is effectively suppressed. The waveguides would open up a way towards new devices.
Sponsorship	IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society
Starting Page	1008
Ending Page	1010
Page Count	3
File Size	163360
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10411135
Volume Number	22
Issue Number	13
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-07-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Photorefractive effect Optical waveguides Erbium Strips Surface waves Nonlinear optics Optical pumping Optical device fabrication Atmosphere Zinc near-stoichiometric (NS) Ti : Mg : Er : $\hbox{LiNbO}_3$ waveguide Antiphotorefraction local Er–Mg-codoping
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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Emission and Absorption Cross Sections of Photorefractive-Damage-Resistant Locally Er-Mg-Doped Near-Stoichiometric ${rm Ti}:{rm Mg}:{rm Er}:{rm LiNbO}_{3}$ Strip Waveguides

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