NDLI: Substroke approach to HMM-based on-line Kanji handwriting recognition

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Nakai, M. Akira, N. Shimodaira, H. Sagayama, S.
Copyright Year	2001
Description	Author affiliation: Graduate Sch. of Inf. Sci., Japan Adv. Inst. of Sci. & Technol., Japan (Nakai, M.)
Abstract	A new method is proposed for online handwriting recognition of Kanji characters. The method employs substroke HMM as minimum units to constitute Japanese Kanji characters and utilizes the direction of pen motion. The main motivation is to fully utilize the continuous speech recognition algorithm by relating sentence speech to Kanji character phonemes to substrokes, and grammar to Kanji structure. The proposed system consists input feature analysis, substroke HMM, a character structure dictionary and a decoder. The present approach has the following advantages over the conventional methods that employ whole character HMM. 1) Much smaller memory requirement for dictionary and models. 2) Fast recognition by employing efficient substroke network search. 3) Capability of recognizing characters not included in the training data if defined as a sequence of substrokes in the dictionary. 4) Capability of recognizing characters written by various different stroke orders with multiple definitions per one character in the dictionary. 5) Easiness in HMM adaptation to the user with a few sample character data.
Sponsorship	IAPR
Starting Page	491
Ending Page	495
File Size	456434
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0769512631
DOI	10.1109/ICDAR.2001.953838
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2001-09-13
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Hidden Markov models Handwriting recognition Character recognition Speech recognition Dictionaries Information science Training data Decoding Personal digital assistants Writing
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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