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Theory of spin hall effects (2008).
| Content Provider | CiteSeerX |
|---|---|
| Author | Engel, Hans-Andreas Rashba, Emmanuel I. Halperin, I. |
| Abstract | Spin Hall effects are a collection of phenomena, resulting from spin-orbit coupling, in which an electrical current flowing through a sample can lead to spin transport in a perpendicular direction and spin accumulation at lateral boundaries. These effects, which do not require an applied magnetic field, can originate in a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic spin-orbit coupling mechanisms and depend on geometry, dimension, impurity scattering, and carrier density of the system—making the analysis of these effects a diverse field of research. In this article, we give an overview of the theoretical background of the spin Hall effects and summarize some of the most important results. First, we explain effective spin-orbit Hamiltonians, how they arise from band structure, and how they can be understood from symmetry considerations; including intrinsic coupling due to bulk inversion or structure asymmetry or due to strain, and extrinsic coupling due to impurities. This leads to different mechanisms of spin transport: spin precession, skew scattering, and side jump. Then we present the kinetic (Boltzmann) equations, which describe the spin-dependent distribution function of charge carriers, and the diffusion equation for spin polarization density. Next, we define the notion of spin currents and discuss their relation to spin polarization. Finally, we explain the electrically induced spin effects; namely, spin polarization and currents in bulk and near boundaries (the focus of most current theoretical research efforts), and spin injection, as well as effects in mesoscopic systems and in edge states. |
| File Format | |
| Publisher Date | 2008-01-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Spin Hall Effect Current Theoretical Research Effort Spin Current Skew Scattering Spin-dependent Distribution Function Diverse Field Symmetry Consideration Band Structure Effective Spin-orbit Hamiltonians Edge State Spin Polarization Density Spin Precession Spin Transport Spin Accumulation Perpendicular Direction Lateral Boundary Charge Carrier Structure Asymmetry Important Result Spin Polarization Mesoscopic System Intrinsic Coupling Side Jump Impurity Scattering Spin-orbit Coupling Carrier Density Theoretical Background Diffusion Equation Applied Magnetic Field Spin Injection Induced Spin Effect Extrinsic Spin-orbit Different Mechanism Extrinsic Coupling |
| Content Type | Text |
