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Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
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Author | Van Leeuwen, Thomas Merzendorfer, Hans Grbic, Miodrag Nauen, Ralf Osborne, Edward J. Demaeght, Peter Clark, Richard M. Dermauw, Wannes Gohlke, Simon Tirry, Luc |
Description | Author Affiliation: Van Leeuwen T ( Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. thomas.vanleeuwen@ugent.be); |
Abstract | Because of its importance to the arthropod exoskeleton, chitin biogenesis is an attractive target for pest control. This point is demonstrated by the economically important benzoylurea compounds that are in wide use as highly specific agents to control insect populations. Nevertheless, the target sites of compounds that inhibit chitin biogenesis have remained elusive, likely preventing the full exploitation of the underlying mode of action in pest management. Here, we show that the acaricide etoxazole inhibits chitin biogenesis in Tetranychus urticae (the two-spotted spider mite), an economically important pest. We then developed a population-level bulk segregant mapping method, based on high-throughput genome sequencing, to identify a locus for monogenic, recessive resistance to etoxazole in a field-collected population. As supported by additional genetic studies, including sequencing across multiple resistant strains and genetic complementation tests, we associated a nonsynonymous mutation in the major T. urticae chitin synthase (CHS1) with resistance. The change is in a C-terminal transmembrane domain of CHS1 in a highly conserved region that may serve a noncatalytic but essential function. Our finding of a target-site resistance mutation in CHS1 shows that at least one highly specific chitin biosynthesis inhibitor acts directly to inhibit chitin synthase. Our work also raises the possibility that other chitin biogenesis inhibitors, such as the benzoylurea compounds, may also act by inhibition of chitin synthases. More generally, our genetic mapping approach should be powerful for high-resolution mapping of simple traits (resistance or otherwise) in arthropods. |
ISSN | 00278424 |
e-ISSN | 10916490 |
Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Issue Number | 12 |
Volume Number | 109 |
Language | English |
Publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
Publisher Date | 2012-03-01 |
Publisher Place | United States |
Access Restriction | Open |
Subject Keyword | Arthropods Physiology Chitin Antagonists & Inhibitors Animals Chemistry Chitin Synthase Cryopreservation Diflubenzuron Drug Resistance Fungal Proteins Metabolism Genes, Fungal Genetic Complementation Test Insecticides Pharmacology Models, Biological Models, Genetic Molecular Sequence Data Oxazoles Population Dynamics Protein Structure, Tertiary Urea Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary |
Content Type | Text |
Resource Type | Article |
Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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